Appropriate Standards of Evidence for Education Policy Decision Making

Evolution of STS ethical standards: adjudication, policy making, and education.

r William Beaumont provided one of the earliest Ddiscussions of ethics specifically related to surgery and in particular to surgical research when, in 1833, he described his experiments with Alexis St. Martin’s gastric fistula [1]. Dr Beaumont was one of the first scientists in any field who obtained the consent of the research subject, mentioned requirements that would avoid harm to the resear...

Mechanism for selecting the appropriate decision-making model for Temporary Post-Disaster Housing

Background and objective: Disaster, natural or else, are phenomena that occur suddenly and unknowingly, and therefore in most cases, it is difficult to deal with them in a principled and rapid manner. The main reason for this is that the duration of these phenomena is relatively short and it can be psychologically difficult to show a quick and appropriate reaction due to the existing fear. Ther...

The Use of Evidence by Decision-Making Committees

Evidence for Policy Making: Clinical Appropriateness Study of Lumbar Spine MRI Prescriptions Using RAND Appropriateness Method

Background MRI is a new and expensive diagnostic technology, which has been used increasingly all over the world. Low back pain is a worldwide prevalent disorder and MRI technique is one of the several ways to diagnose it. This paper aims to identify the appropriateness of lumbar spine MRI prescriptions in Shiraz teaching hospitals using standardized RAND Appropriateness Method (RAM) criteria i...

An Assessment of National Maternal and Child Health Policy-Makers’ Knowledge and Capacity for Evidence-Informed Policy-Making in Nigeria

Background There is increasing interest globally in the use of more rigorous processes to ensure that maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) care recommendations are informed by the best available research evidence use. The purpose of this study was to engage Nigerian MNCH policy-makers and other stakeholders to consider issues around research to policy and practice interface and to assess ...